🇰🇷 한글 설명
Linux 커널의 ath10k 드라이버에서 WCN3990 하드웨어의 복사 엔진(CE3)이 버퍼 처리를 완료하기 전에 인터럽트를 먼저 보내는 레이스 컨디션 문제가 발생합니다. 이로 인해 드라이버가 버퍼를 조기에 해제하면 SMMU가 유효하지 않은 메모리 접근을 감지하여 커널 패닉(시스템 충돌)을 일으킵니다.
💡 쉬운 설명
무선 랜 카드가 데이터를 다 읽기도 전에 컴퓨터가 메모리를 비워버려서 시스템이 멈추는 문제입니다. 하드웨어와 소프트웨어 간의 타이밍이 맞지 않아 발생하는 오류입니다.
🇺🇸 원문 (English)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: ath10k: Delay the unmapping of the buffer
On WCN3990, we are seeing a rare scenario where copy engine hardware is
sending a copy complete interrupt to the host driver while still
processing the buffer that the driver has sent, this is leading into an
SMMU fault triggering kernel panic. This is happening on copy engine
channel 3 (CE3) where the driver normally enqueues WMI commands to the
firmware. Upon receiving a copy complete interrupt, host driver will
immediately unmap and frees the buffer presuming that hardware has
processed the buffer. In the issue case, upon receiving copy complete
interrupt, host driver will unmap and free the buffer but since hardware
is still accessing the buffer (which in this case got unmapped in
parallel), SMMU hardware will trigger an SMMU fault resulting in a
kernel panic.
In order to avoid this, as a work around, add a delay before unmapping
the copy engine source DMA buffer. This is conditionally done for
WCN3990 and only for the CE3 channel where issue is seen.
Below is the crash signature:
wifi smmu error: kernel: [ 10.120965] arm-smmu 15000000.iommu: Unhandled
context fault: fsr=0x402, iova=0x7fdfd8ac0,
fsynr=0x500003,cbfrsynra=0xc1, cb=6 arm-smmu 15000000.iommu: Unhandled
context fault:fsr=0x402, iova=0x7fe06fdc0, fsynr=0x710003,
cbfrsynra=0xc1, cb=6 qcom-q6v5-mss 4080000.remoteproc: fatal error
received: err_qdi.c:1040:EF:wlan_process:0x1:WLAN RT:0x2091:
cmnos_thread.c:3998:Asserted in copy_engine.c:AXI_ERROR_DETECTED:2149
remoteproc remoteproc0: crash detected in
4080000.remoteproc: type fatal error <3> remoteproc remoteproc0:
handling crash #1 in 4080000.remoteproc
pc : __arm_lpae_unmap+0x500/0x514
lr : __arm_lpae_unmap+0x4bc/0x514
sp : ffffffc011ffb530
x29: ffffffc011ffb590 x28: 0000000000000000
x27: 0000000000000000 x26: 0000000000000004
x25: 0000000000000003 x24: ffffffc011ffb890
x23: ffffffa762ef9be0 x22: ffffffa77244ef00
x21: 0000000000000009 x20: 00000007fff7c000
x19: 0000000000000003 x18: 0000000000000000
x17: 0000000000000004 x16: ffffffd7a357d9f0
x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00fd5d4fa7ffffff
x13: 000000000000000e x12: 0000000000000000
x11: 00000000ffffffff x10: 00000000fffffe00
x9 : 000000000000017c x8 : 000000000000000c
x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : ffffffa762ef9000
x5 : 0000000000000003 x4 : 0000000000000004
x3 : 0000000000001000 x2 : 00000007fff7c000
x1 : ffffffc011ffb890 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace:
__arm_lpae_unmap+0x500/0x514
__arm_lpae_unmap+0x4bc/0x514
__arm_lpae_unmap+0x4bc/0x514
arm_lpae_unmap_pages+0x78/0xa4
arm_smmu_unmap_pages+0x78/0x104
__iommu_unmap+0xc8/0x1e4
iommu_unmap_fast+0x38/0x48
__iommu_dma_unmap+0x84/0x104
iommu_dma_free+0x34/0x50
dma_free_attrs+0xa4/0xd0
ath10k_htt_rx_free+0xc4/0xf4 [ath10k_core] ath10k_core_stop+0x64/0x7c
[ath10k_core]
ath10k_halt+0x11c/0x180 [ath10k_core]
ath10k_stop+0x54/0x94 [ath10k_core]
drv_stop+0x48/0x1c8 [mac80211]
ieee80211_do_open+0x638/0x77c [mac80211] ieee80211_open+0x48/0x5c
[mac80211]
__dev_open+0xb4/0x174
__dev_change_flags+0xc4/0x1dc
dev_change_flags+0x3c/0x7c
devinet_ioctl+0x2b4/0x580
inet_ioctl+0xb0/0x1b4
sock_do_ioctl+0x4c/0x16c
compat_ifreq_ioctl+0x1cc/0x35c
compat_sock_ioctl+0x110/0x2ac
__arm64_compat_sys_ioctl+0xf4/0x3e0
el0_svc_common+0xb4/0x17c
el0_svc_compat_handler+0x2c/0x58
el0_svc_compat+0x8/0x2c
Tested-on: WCN3990 hw1.0 SNOC WLAN.HL.2.0-01387-QCAHLSWMTPLZ-1
📍 영향받는 시스템
Linux kernel using ath10k driver on WCN3990 hardware
⚔️ 공격 벡터
특정 하드웨어 조건(WCN3990 CE3 채널)에서 발생하는 레이스 컨디션을 이용한 DoS(서비스 거부)
🛡️ 대응 방법
WCN3990의 CE3 채널에 대해 DMA 버퍼 언매핑 전 지연 시간을 추가하는 커널 패치 적용
🔧 검증 코드
명령어 실행 결과에 'Unhandled context fault' 또는 'SMMU fault'와 함께 커널 패닉 로그가 나타나면 취약한 상태입니다.
dmesg | grep -E 'arm-smmu|ath10k|SMMU fault'