🇰🇷 한글 설명
Linux 커널의 dm-crypt에서 zoned 타겟을 사용할 때, 대용량 쓰기 BIO가 분할되면서 데드락(Deadlock)이 발생하거나 잘못된 섹터 위치를 반환하여 파일 시스템 데이터가 손상될 수 있는 취약점입니다. 이 문제는 dm-crypt가 쓰기 작업을 분할 처리하는 과정에서 블록 계층의 zone write plugging 메커니즘과 충돌하여 발생합니다.
💡 쉬운 설명
특정 저장 장치 방식(Zoned device)을 사용할 때, 데이터를 저장하는 과정에서 시스템이 멈추거나 파일 데이터가 깨질 수 있는 오류입니다. 데이터가 기록된 위치를 잘못 계산하여 파일 시스템(XFS, Btrfs 등)에 손상을 줄 수 있습니다.
🇺🇸 원문 (English)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
dm: dm-crypt: Do not partially accept write BIOs with zoned targets
Read and write operations issued to a dm-crypt target may be split
according to the dm-crypt internal limits defined by the max_read_size
and max_write_size module parameters (default is 128 KB). The intent is
to improve processing time of large BIOs by splitting them into smaller
operations that can be parallelized on different CPUs.
For zoned dm-crypt targets, this BIO splitting is still done but without
the parallel execution to ensure that the issuing order of write
operations to the underlying devices remains sequential. However, the
splitting itself causes other problems:
1) Since dm-crypt relies on the block layer zone write plugging to
handle zone append emulation using regular write operations, the
reminder of a split write BIO will always be plugged into the target
zone write plugged. Once the on-going write BIO finishes, this
reminder BIO is unplugged and issued from the zone write plug work.
If this reminder BIO itself needs to be split, the reminder will be
re-issued and plugged again, but that causes a call to a
blk_queue_enter(), which may block if a queue freeze operation was
initiated. This results in a deadlock as DM submission still holds
BIOs that the queue freeze side is waiting for.
2) dm-crypt relies on the emulation done by the block layer using
regular write operations for processing zone append operations. This
still requires to properly return the written sector as the BIO
sector of the original BIO. However, this can be done correctly only
and only if there is a single clone BIO used for processing the
original zone append operation issued by the user. If the size of a
zone append operation is larger than dm-crypt max_write_size, then
the orginal BIO will be split and processed as a chain of regular
write operations. Such chaining result in an incorrect written sector
being returned to the zone append issuer using the original BIO
sector. This in turn results in file system data corruptions using
xfs or btrfs.
Fix this by modifying get_max_request_size() to always return the size
of the BIO to avoid it being split with dm_accpet_partial_bio() in
crypt_map(). get_max_request_size() is renamed to
get_max_request_sectors() to clarify the unit of the value returned
and its interface is changed to take a struct dm_target pointer and a
pointer to the struct bio being processed. In addition to this change,
to ensure that crypt_alloc_buffer() works correctly, set the dm-crypt
device max_hw_sectors limit to be at most
BIO_MAX_VECS << PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT (1 MB with a 4KB page architecture).
This forces DM core to split write BIOs before passing them to
crypt_map(), and thus guaranteeing that dm-crypt can always accept an
entire write BIO without needing to split it.
This change does not have any effect on the read path of dm-crypt. Read
operations can still be split and the BIO fragments processed in
parallel. There is also no impact on the performance of the write path
given that all zone write BIOs were already processed inline instead of
in parallel.
This change also does not affect in any way regular dm-crypt block
devices.
📍 영향받는 시스템
Zoned target을 사용하는 Linux 커널 기반 시스템 (dm-crypt 사용 환경)
⚔️ 공격 벡터
공격자가 특정 크기 이상의 쓰기 작업을 유도하여 시스템 데드락을 유발하거나 파일 시스템 데이터 무결성을 파괴할 수 있음
🛡️ 대응 방법
dm-crypt의 BIO 분할 방식을 수정하여 전체 BIO를 수용하도록 커널을 업데이트해야 함
🔧 검증 코드
현재 실행 중인 커널 버전을 확인하여 해당 취약점이 패치된 최신 보안 업데이트 버전인지 확인하십시오.